replication


-dna seperates at a point to form a bubble or a loop

- this is initiated by 1. initiator proteins( to recognise the start area) 2. ATP dependent enzyme

-dna helicase unzips or unwinds the strand by breaking the h bonds which connect the two strands via their nitrogeneous bases

-(please mention which strand is used as template..i always forget that...)
-as the strands unzip and unwinds, supercoils are formed at the ends of the dna strand, but not to worry as this problem is solved by the suuuper enzyme called dna gyrase...as it flies in to opens a nick at one strand in front of the replication fork.

(aahh!!! how can i study when they are demolishing the flats 1m away!!!???)

-anyway...now for the formation of the rna primer...primase then catalyses the formation of a short rna chain(about 10 base pairs) and this would serve as a primer for dna synthesis
-dna polymerase3 would now catalyse the formation of the new dna strand. ( direstion 5' to 3')

-dna polymerase3 would hold on to the free nucleotide until the proceeding nucleotide is bound onto it, thus extending the dna strand

- there will be one strand that has to be kept restarted over and over again. (lagging strand)(cos the dna polymerase 3 can only synthesise the strand from 5' to 3' diresction) and there will be one strand called the continuous strand...

-the lagging strand will consist of fragments which are called okazaki fragments

-once the replication of the new strand has started, dna polymerase 1 would then hydrolyse the rna primer and so..there will be a gap...and this gap would be filled up with deoxynucleotides by the dna polymerase1

-lagging strand: has small gaps cos dna polymerase3 cannot join the 3' end of one nuclotide to the 5' end of the next so how?? TADA!! dna ligase comes to the rescuse...it is called the "super glue" haahaa...and it forms phosphodiester bonds to link the nuclotides together..and there it is.. replication!!



==========================
WARNING: this is just something from my head, so please do not use this as ur project or as some model answer or something as some information may be misinterpretated by me...to check out the better answers...pls refer to ur lecture notes!! and i've made it more 'entertaining' as u know..better way for me to memorise it...